Glossary Of Trigger Points & Acronyms

ACP
Acupuncture point

A-MTrP
Active Trigger Point

CGRP
Calcitonin gene-related peptide

DDN
Deep dry needling

DNIC
Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls

DOMS
Delayed onset muscle soreness

EA
Electro acupuncture

EAA
Electro-acupuncture analgesia

EDHF
Endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factors

EOP
Endogenous opioid peptides

ES
Erector spinae

GM
Gastrocnemius muscle

L-MTrP
Latent Trigger Point

LTR
Local twitch response

MA
Manual acupuncture

MAP
Mean arterial blood pressure

MBF
Muscle blood flow

MPS
Myofascial pain syndrome

MTrP
Myofascial Trigger Point

NGF
Nerve growth factor

Pistoning
A rapid in and out thrusting of the needle possibly with fanning or coning to pierce a MTrP

PMR
Polymodal receptors-In the skin, which is exposed to various forms of stimuli from the external environment, a number of sensory receptors are differentiated so as to transduce precisely specific types of stimuli including the most minute and subtle changes in the environment. Polymodal receptors (PMRs), however, are characterized by activation from a wide variety of stimuli, including mechanical, chemical, and heat stimuli; thus the term ‘polymodal’ was coined. These PMRs are widely distributed over the skin as well as in the somatic and visceral deep tissues. The unclearly differentiated nature of these PM Rs suggests that PM Rs are the sensory receptors that conservatively preserve the response characteristics of the most primitive sensory receptors.

QL
Quadratus lumborum muscle

RSB
Reference sample of blood

RMDQ
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire

SDN
Superficial dry needling

SP
Sparrow pecking (acupuncture technique)

TA
Tibialis anterior

TB
Taut band

TDN
Trigger point dry needling

TrPDN
Trigger point dry needling

TRPV
Transient receptor potential vanilloid receptors

UT
Upper trapezius

VAS
Visual Analogue Scale